Dynamo-electric machine.



G. E. BONINE.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 131:0. 29, 1905.

1,047,158, Patented Dec. 17, 1 12.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Wrlcesses: $2wgrdon t WITNESSES:

& WMZWW/ U. E. BONINE.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED D110. 29, 1905.

Patented Dec. 17, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SKEBT 2.

NV NTOR; V

moa 1,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. CHARLES EDWARD BONINE, or ELIZABETHJNEWJERSEY, ASSIGNOR To ELECTRO-' DYNAMIC ooMrANY, or BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, ACORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

Dynamo-ELECTRIC MACHINE,

Application filed December 29, 1905. Serial No. 993,834.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Cinemas E. BONIN acitizen of the United States, residing at Elizabeth, Union county, NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDynamo-Electric Machines;- and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention,- such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same. 1

My invention relates to improvements in direct current variable speedmotors.

It has heretofore been recognized that to produce perfect commutation ofvariable speed motors, it is desirable to employ auxiliary poles whichare located in the interpolar spaces, that is, the, spaces between themain poles of the machine. The arrange ment, construction and operationof these poles is well understood, and needs no fun ther description.

It is the object of the present. invention, to secure the advantages ofthe machines as described, but to produce the desired results by animproved means, whereby the eihciency is increased.- This isaccomplished by reducing the number of commutating poles, heretoforeemployed, as will be more 1 illustrate the invention.

fully set forth hereinafter in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine frame embodying the invention;Fig. 2 is a similar view of a machine in which the' armature coils areof a series winding; Fig. 3 is a similar view of a machine, in which thearmature coils are of a parallel winding. Fig. 4 is a View of a machineof this type, in which the field poles are arranged to take advantage ofthe interpolar spaces which do not contain compensating poles. Thefigure further illustrates diagrammatically the ordinary winding of avariable speed motor.

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen that the frame comprises theusual yoke A, on which are mounted the main poles B. Vithin the latterrevolves the armature H having a winding, of which the two coils F and Gonly are shown, as this is sufficient to The armature is provided withthe usual commutator I, and brushes K bearing thereon.

The machine thus far described is an ordinary dynamo electric machine,unprovided with commutating poles. As stated above,

over-all dimensions.

however, c ommutating poles have been employed, and it has been thepractice to locate energizing the auxiliarypoles were usuallyconnectedin series wlth the -arm-ature, ;so'

thatthe a'mountof energization was varied with the load put upon themachine. Each side *of an armature coil being acted on by an auxiliarypole while the said armature coil was undergoing commutation, the entirecommutating electromotive force generated in the coil was composed ofthe sum of the electromotive forces due to the auxiliary poles actingupon its two sides. The commutating poles were, therefore, wound'with asuitable number of turns, and made ofthe required cross section, so thateach would required. In the structures shown, the number of commutatingpoles C is reduced to one-halfthat of the main poles, and they arelocated in alternate 'interpolar spaces only, thus leaving the otheralternate interpolar spaces unoccupied. The result is that theseunoccupied spaces may be reduced, thus reducing the overall or outsidedimensions of the machine for a given capacity, or, conversely,increasing its capacity for given The main poles may then beproportionately larger as shown in Fig. 4 or may carry a greater numberof convolutions.

The commutating poles are each made of sufficient cross section andsupplied with a sufficient number of turns to generate the entirecommutating electromotive force required, in the side of thecoil'undergoing commutation to which the said pole is adjacent. It willbe observed that since the commutating poles are in alternate interpolarspaces, they must all be of the same sign to effect commutation. Theeffect, in so far as the commutation of the coil is concerned, is togenerate the entire commutating electromotive force in one portionofthe' coil, as, for instance, one side, instead, as has heretofore beenthe practice of generating fractions of this electromotive force indifferent portions of the'coil, the sum of Specification of LettersBatent. I I Patented Dec, 17,19121 equal to the total compensatingefitect required. This effect is accompanied by a reducti on in thearmature reaction and an in? crease f the polar fringing, whereby.- the.efliciency\ of field excitation is increased.

The winding upon the auxiliary poles may be connected in any of the wellknown relations to the winding of themachine or the circuit to w ich itis connected, but in Fig. 4 I have shown the common type of shunt Woundvariable speed motor in which the commutating poles areconnected in thecircuit min series witlrthe. armature and the main field poles areconnected in the shunt circuit n containing the variable resistance R. Imay state, further, that the use of a lesser number of auxiliary poles,in accordance with my invention, is attended not only with a reductioninthe work necessary to incorporate the auxiliary pole pieces in themanufacture of the field frame and in the cost of winding thecoil's,butI also find that, in practice, a less amount of copper is requiredfor the smaller number of auxiliary poles. I have furthermore discoveredthat this construction has a marked tendency to,

reduce the hunting which occurs in machines of this type having the samenumber of interpoles as main poles.

Having thus described my invention, what I'claiin and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:- 2 v l. A variable speed electric motor having aplurality of main poles and a plurality of commutating poles located inalternate interpolar spaces, the commutating poles be.-

ing all of the same sign; substantially as de-- polar spaces, theenergizing winding on each commutating pole connected in series with thearmature, the connections being such that all the commutating poles areof the same sign; substantially as described.

3. In a variable speed electric motor, a plurality of main poles,armature coils having their two sides in successive interpolar;

spaces, and a plurality of commutating poles of the same sign so locatedthat each armature coil is acted upon by but one commutating pole;substantially as descrlbed.

4:. A main frame for a dynamo-electric machine, comprising'aplurality ofmain poles and commutating poles located in alternate interpolar spacesonly, the main poles being unsymmetrically spaced about the armature toreduce the interpolar spaces which do v not contain commutating poles;substantlally as described. I

'5. A dynamo electric machine having spaces of different extent betweenthe cores of the main field poles, and an interpole located in thelarger inter-corespace.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES EDWARD BONINE. Witnesses:

' EDWIN MELOIIER SMiTH,

JOHN F. TENDEAN. 1

Copies. of this patent may be'obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents,

7 Washington, D. C.

